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Design Patterns

Giriş

Design patterns, yazılım geliştirmede karşılaşılan yaygın problemlere kanıtlanmış çözümler sunan, yeniden kullanılabilir tasarım şablonlarıdır. Mid-level geliştiriciler için design patterns'i anlamak, clean code yazmak, maintainable software geliştirmek ve software architecture konularında uzmanlaşmak için gereklidir. Bu bölüm, creational patterns, structural patterns, behavioral patterns, repository pattern ve unit of work pattern konularını kapsar.

Kapsanan Konular

1. Creational Patterns

Object creation patterns, object instantiation strategies, ve creation logic encapsulation.

Öğrenilecekler: - Singleton pattern - Factory pattern - Builder pattern - Prototype pattern - Abstract Factory pattern

2. Structural Patterns

Object composition patterns, class relationships, ve structure organization.

Öğrenilecekler: - Adapter pattern - Bridge pattern - Composite pattern - Decorator pattern - Facade pattern

3. Behavioral Patterns

Object communication patterns, responsibility distribution, ve behavior organization.

Öğrenilecekler: - Observer pattern - Strategy pattern - Command pattern - State pattern - Template Method pattern

4. Repository Pattern

Data access abstraction, data persistence logic, ve business logic separation.

Öğrenilecekler: - Repository interface design - Data access abstraction - Business logic separation - Testability improvement - Dependency inversion

5. Unit of Work Pattern

Transaction management, data consistency, ve change tracking.

Öğrenilecekler: - Transaction coordination - Change tracking - Data consistency - Rollback support - Unit of work lifecycle

Neden Önemli?

1. Code Quality

  • Clean, maintainable code
  • Consistent architecture
  • Reduced complexity
  • Better readability

2. Software Design

  • Proven solutions
  • Best practices
  • Architecture consistency
  • Design principles

3. Maintainability

  • Easier modifications
  • Better extensibility
  • Reduced technical debt
  • Faster development

4. Team Collaboration

  • Shared understanding
  • Consistent approach
  • Knowledge transfer
  • Code review support

Mülakat Soruları

Temel Sorular

  1. Design pattern nedir?

  2. Cevap: Reusable design solutions, proven approaches, common problems.

  3. Creational patterns nelerdir?

  4. Cevap: Object creation patterns, instantiation strategies, creation logic.

  5. Structural patterns nelerdir?

  6. Cevap: Object composition, class relationships, structure organization.

  7. Behavioral patterns nelerdir?

  8. Cevap: Object communication, responsibility distribution, behavior.

  9. Repository pattern nedir?

  10. Cevap: Data access abstraction, business logic separation, testability.

Teknik Sorular

  1. Singleton pattern nasıl implement edilir?

  2. Cevap: Private constructor, static instance, thread safety.

  3. Factory pattern ne zaman kullanılır?

  4. Cevap: Complex object creation, conditional instantiation, dependency management.

  5. Observer pattern nasıl çalışır?

  6. Cevap: Subject-observer relationship, event notification, loose coupling.

  7. Repository pattern nasıl implement edilir?

  8. Cevap: Interface design, data access abstraction, dependency injection.

  9. Unit of Work pattern nasıl çalışır?

  10. Cevap: Transaction coordination, change tracking, data consistency.

Best Practices

1. Pattern Selection

  • Choose appropriate patterns
  • Avoid over-engineering
  • Consider maintainability
  • Plan for evolution
  • Document decisions

2. Implementation

  • Follow pattern structure
  • Maintain consistency
  • Handle edge cases
  • Plan for testing
  • Consider performance

3. Documentation

  • Document pattern usage
  • Explain design decisions
  • Provide examples
  • Update documentation
  • Share knowledge

4. Testing

  • Test pattern implementations
  • Mock dependencies
  • Test edge cases
  • Monitor performance
  • Plan for maintenance

5. Evolution

  • Plan for changes
  • Maintain flexibility
  • Consider alternatives
  • Monitor usage
  • Refactor when needed

Kaynaklar